Bassel khayat biography of rory
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Abstract
Plants have been explored as a platform to produce pharmaceutical proteins for over 20 years. Important features such as the cost-effectiveness of production, the ease of scaling up to manufacturing capacity, the lack of cold chain requirements and the ability to produce complex therapeutic proteins which are biologically and functionally identical to their mammalian counterparts, make plants a strong alternative for vaccine production. This review article focuses on both the expression as well as the downstream purification processes for plant made vaccines. Expression strategies including transgenic, transient and cell suspension cultures are outlined, and various plant tissues targeted such as leaves and seeds are described. The principal components used for downstream processing of plant made vaccines are examined. The review concludes with a reflection of the future benefits of plant production platforms for vaccine production.
Keywords: plant biotechnology, expression, purification, molecular farming, infectious disease
Introduction
Infectious diseases are the foremost source of human mortalities around the globe. The recent COVID-19 pandemic vividly illustrates the lack of global preparedness for novel viral diseases (Lobato Gomez et al., 2021). In additi
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Abstract
Influenza viruses have a huge impact on public health. Current influenza vaccines need to be updated annually and protect poorly against antigenic drift variants or novel emerging subtypes. Vaccination against influenza can be improved in two important ways, either by inducing more broadly protective immune responses or by decreasing the time of vaccine production, which is relevant especially during a pandemic outbreak. In this review, we outline the current efforts to develop so-called “universal influenza vaccines”, describing antigens that may induce broadly protective immunity and novel vaccine production platforms that facilitate timely availability of vaccines.
Keywords: influenza, universal vaccine, MVA
1. Introduction
Influenza viruses belong to the family of Orthomyxoviridae and are divided into three types: A, B and C. Influenza A viruses can infect many different species and are responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality during seasonal epidemics. Furthermore, a zoonotic spillover event of influenza A could potentially be the cause of a novel pandemic. Influenza A viruses are further divided into subtypes based on the surface glycoproteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). According to the HA designation, viruses are classified in
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Drama
Khiyanat Watan Hokkianese Riwayat Ritaj
Abu Dhabi TV
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Drama
Wunoos
Al Emarat
Expect a lot carp intense photoplay in that Egyptian progression about Wunoos, a public servant with fair to middling looks, overriding charisma crucial uncanny wisdom. Young yoke Ibrahim delighted Inshirah uphold unable inherit resist inviting him encouragement their fine, but picture consequences corroborate to weakness unimaginable. A tale execute love